#PAGE_PARAMS# #ADS_HEAD_SCRIPTS# #MICRODATA#

The Contribution of Magnetic Resonance Imaging to the Diagnosis of Epilepsy


Authors: M. Pažourková 1;  A. Svátková 1;  J. Kočvarová 2;  J. Chrastina 3;  P. Cimflová 1,4
Authors‘ workplace: Klinika zobrazovacích metod LF MU a FN u sv. Anny v Brně 1;  Neurologická klinika LF MU a FN u sv. Anny v Brně 2;  Neurochirurgická klinika LF MU a FN U sv. Anny v Brně 3;  Mezinárodní centrum klinického výzkumu, FN u sv. Anny v Brně 4
Published in: Cesk Slov Neurol N 2015; 78/111(4): 394-400
Category: Review Article
doi: https://doi.org/10.14735/amcsnn2015394

Overview

Epilepsy, a central nervous system disorder causing recurrent unprovoked seizures, remains a severe medical problem with a profound social impact on quality of life. The prevalence in population is 0.5–1%. Epilepsy is associated with various brain lesions such as developmental and metabolic disorders, some tumours, vascular malformations, postinfectious and postoperative changes or traumatic brain injury. Epilepsy can also develop as a result of prenatal, perinatal or early postnatal insults to the brain. The aim of diagnostic imaging is to identify underlying pathologies and to determine etiology of epilepsy. Identification of the epileptogenic focus is important especially for patients with pharmacoresistant epilepsy who could benefit from surgical treatment.

Key words:
epilepsy – magnetic resonance imaging –malformations of cortical development – focal cortical dysplasia of Taylor – tuberous sclerosis – classical lissencephalies and subcortical band heterotopias – lissencephaly – polymicrogyria – schizencephaly – hemimegalencephaly – Sturge-Weber syndrom

The authors declare they have no potential conflicts of interest concerning drugs, products, or services used in the study.

The Editorial Board declares that the manu­script met the ICMJE “uniform requirements” for biomedical papers.


Sources

1. Ošlejšková H. Klinické projevy a specifika léčby epileptických záchvatů v dětství a adoslescenci. Postgrad Med 2009; 9: 962– 972.

2. Wallace JS, Farell K et al. Epilepsy in Children. 2nd ed. London: Arnold 2004.

3. Brázdil M, Hadač J, Marušic P et al. Farmakorezistentní epilepsie. Triton: Praha 2004.

4. Rektor I, Ošlejšková H. Stručná epileptologie pro praxi. Neurol Prax 2010; 11 (Suppl 3): 5– 44.

5. Arroyo S. Evaluation of drug‑resistant epilepsy. Rev Neurol 2000; 30(9): 881– 886.

6. Krijtová H, Marusič P. První epileptický záchvat –  diagnostický postup a indikace k zahájení terapie. Neurol Praxi 2010; 11(6): 386– 390.

7. King MA, Newton MR, Jackson GD, Fitt GJ, Mitchell LA, Silvapulle MJ et al. Epileptology of the first‑ seizure presentation: a clinical, electroencephalographic, and magnetic resonance imaging study of 300 consecutive patients. Lancet 1998; 352(9133): 1007– 1011.

8. Latchaw RE, Kucharczyk J, Moseley ME. Imaging of the nervous system, diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier– Mosby 2005.

9. Hugg JW, Butterworth EJ, Kuznieck RI. Diffusion mapping applied to mesial temporal lobe epilepsy: preliminary observations. Neurology 1999; 53(1): 173– 176.

10. Li LM, Cendes F, Bastos AC, Andermann F, Dubeau F,Arnold DL. Neuronal metabolic dysfunction in patients with cortical developmental malformations: a proton magnetic resonance study. Neurology 1998; 50(3): 755– 759.

11. Limotai C, Mirsattari SM. Role of functional MRI in presurgical evaluation of memory function in temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsy Res Treat 2012; 2012: 687219. doi: 10.1155/ 2012/ 687219.

12. Winston GP, Daga P, Stretton J, Modat M, Symms MR, McEvoy AW et al. Optic radiation tractography and vision in anterior temporal lobe resection. Ann Neurol 2012; 71(3): 334– 341. doi: 10.1002/ ana.22619.

13. Basser PJ, Pierpaoli C. Microstructural and physiological features of tissues elucidated by quantitative‑ dif­fusion- tensor MRI. J Magn Reson 2011; 213(2): 560– 570. doi: 10.1016/ j.jmr.2011.09.022.

14. Kwan P, Brodie M. Early identification of refractory epilepsy. N Engl J Med 2000; 342: 314– 319.

15. Vanicek J, Stastnik M, Kianicka B, Bares M, Bulik M. Rare neurological presentation of human granulocytic anaplasmosis. Eur J Neurol 2013; 20(5): e70– e72. doi: 10.1111/ ene.12110.

16. Pail M, Mareček R, Brázdil M. Analytické zpracování MR obrazů v diagnostice farmakoresistentní epilepsie. Neurol Praxi 2012; 13(2): 87– 91.

17. Ashburner J, Friston K. Voxel‑based morphometry –  the methods. Neuroimage 2000; 11(1): 805– 821.

18. Mavili E, Coskun A, Per H, Donmez H, Kumandas S, Yikilmaz A. Polymicrogyria: correlation of magnetic resonance imaging and clinical findings. Childs Nerv Syst 2012; 28(6): 905– 909. doi: 10.1007/ s00381‑ 012‑ 1703‑ 2.

19. Von Oertzen J, Urbach H, Jungbluth S, Kurthen M, Reuber M, Fernandez G et al. Standard magnetic resonance imaging inadeaqute for patients with refractory focal epilepsy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2002; 73(6): 643– 647.

20. Wieser HG. ILAE Commission Report. Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis. Epilepsia 2004; 45(6): 695– 714.

21. Riney CJ, Harding B, Harkness WJ, Scott RC, Cross JH. Hippocampal sclerosis in children with lesional epilepsy is influenced by age at seizure onset. Epilepsia 2006; 47(1): 159– 166.

22. Gamss RP, Slasky SE, Bello JA, Miller TS, Shinnar S. Prevalence of hippocampal malrotation in a population without seizures. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2009; 30(8): 1571– 1573. doi: 10.3174/ ajnr.A1657.

23. Barkovich AJ, Dobyns WB, Guerrini R. MR of neuronal migration abnormalities. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2015; 5(5): pii: a022392. doi: 10.1101/ cshperspect.a022392.

24. Tassi L, Colombo N, Garbelli R, Francione S, Lo Russo G, Mai R et al. Focal cotical dysplasia: neuropathological subtypes, EEG, neuroimaging and surgical outcome. Brain 2002; 125(8): 1719– 1732.

25. Kwiatkowski DJ, Manning BD. Tuberous sclerosis: a GAP at the crossroads of multiple signaling pathway. Hum Mol Genet 2005; 14(2): R251– R258.

26. Santos AC, Escorsi‑ Rosset S, Simao GN, Terra VC, Velasco T, Neder L et al. Hemispheric dysplasia and hemimegalencephaly: imaging definitions. Pediatr Neurol 2014; 51(1): 178– 180. doi: 10.1007/ s00381‑ 014‑ 2476‑ 6.

27. García‑ Fernández M, Fournier‑ Del Castillo C, Ugalde‑ Canitrot A, Pérez‑ Jiménez Á, Álvarez‑ Linera J, De Prada‑ Vicente I et al. Epilepsy surgery in children with developmental tumours. Seizure 2011; 20(8): 616– 627. doi: 10.1016/ j.seizure.2011.06.003.

28. Nalbantoglu M, Erturk‑ Cetin O, Gozubatik Celik G, Demirbilek V. The diagnosis of band heterotopia. Pediatric Neurology 2014; 51(1): 178– 180. doi: 10.1016/ j.pediatrneurol.2014.02.018.

29. Raybaud C, Canto‑ Morein N, Girard N, Poncet M. Polymicrogyria. MR appearance and its relantionship to fetal development of the cortex and its microvasculare. Int J Neuroradiol 2012; 1: 161– 170.

30. Moran NF, Fish DR, Kitechen N, Shorvon S, Kendall BE,Stevens JM. Supratentorial cavernous haemangiomas and epilepsy: a review of the literature and case series. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1999; 66(5): 561– 568.

31. Thomas‑ Sohl KA, Vaslow DF, Maria BL. Sturge‑ Weber syndrome: a review. Pediatr Neurol 2004; 30(5): 303– 310.

32. Vanicek J, Bulik M, Brichta J, Jancalek R. Utility of a rescue endovascular therapy for the treatment of major strokes refractory to full‑dose intravenous thrombolysis. Br J Radiol 2014; 87(1036): 20130545. doi: 10.1259/ bjr.20130545.

Labels
Paediatric neurology Neurosurgery Neurology

Article was published in

Czech and Slovak Neurology and Neurosurgery

Issue 4

2015 Issue 4

Most read in this issue
Login
Forgotten password

Enter the email address that you registered with. We will send you instructions on how to set a new password.

Login

Don‘t have an account?  Create new account

#ADS_BOTTOM_SCRIPTS#